| • Most common cyst in the oral and perioral
region.
• Asymptomatic | PERIAPICAL CYST (APICAL
PERIODONTAL CYST) |
| • Most common cyst in the oral and perioral
region.
• Asymptomatic | PERIAPICAL CYST (APICAL
PERIODONTAL CYST) |
| • Most common cyst in the oral and perioral
region.
• Asymptomatic | PERIAPICAL CYST (APICAL
PERIODONTAL CYST) |
| • Most common cyst in the oral and perioral
region.
• Asymptomatic | PERIAPICAL CYST (APICAL
PERIODONTAL CYST) |
| • Associated with vital teeth; nonmobile and
may show root divergence. | LATERAL PERIODONTAL CYST |
| • Associated with vital teeth; nonmobile and
may show root divergence. | LATERAL PERIODONTAL CYST |
| • Associated with vital teeth; nonmobile and
may show root divergence. | LATERAL PERIODONTAL CYST |
| • Associated with vital teeth; nonmobile and
may show root divergence. | LATERAL PERIODONTAL CYST |
| • Associated with vital teeth; nonmobile and
may show root divergence. | LATERAL PERIODONTAL CYST |
| multilocular cyst lined by a thin stratified
squamous epithelium. | BOTRYOID ODONTOGENIC CYST |
| TREATMENT AND PROGNOSIS
• Chemotherapy, surgery and radiation | CARCINOMA OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS |
| TREATMENT AND PROGNOSIS
• Chemotherapy, surgery and radiation | CARCINOMA OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS |
| Etiology: periapical granuloma | PERIAPICAL CYST (APICAL
PERIODONTAL CYST) |
| • Etiology: dental lamina remnants within the
bone | LATERAL PERIODONTAL CYST |
| A variant of lateral periodontal cyst
(multilocular) | BOTRYOID ODONTOGENIC CYST |
| • A soft tissue counter part of lateral
periodontal cyst | GINGIVAL CYST |
| • Multiple nodules along the alveolar ridge in
neonates | E. GINGIVAL CYST OF THE NEW BORN |
| LOCATION OF THE GINGIVAL CYST OF NEW BORN | • Location: - Alveolar ridge (Bohn’s nodules) - Midline of the palate (Epstein’s pearls or
palatine cyst of the new born) |
| Accumulation of fluid between remnants of
enamel organ | DENTIGEROUS CYST (Cyst containing
teeth) |
| TX AND PROGNOSIS
• Removal of the associated tooth and
enucleation of the soft tissue component | DENTIGEROUS CYST (Cyst containing
teeth) |
| ETIOLOGY: reduced enamel epithelium | ERUPTION CYST |
| Aka SIALO-ODONTOGENIC CYST a mucous
producing salivary gland tumor. | GLANDULAR ODONTOGENIC CYST |
| • Asymptomatic but can cause jaw expansion
and tooth mobility of affected area | ODONTOGENIC KERATOCYST |
| • From odontogenic epithelial remnants within
the gingival area of either jaw | CALCIFYING ODONTOGENIC CYST |
| • Inverted pear shaped radiolucency | GLOBULOMAXILLARY CYST |
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
• Canine space abscess
• Benign salivary gland tumors | GLOBULOMAXILLARY CYST |
| • Fissural origin was based on the no-longer
tenable theory of epithelial entrapment in
the midline of the mandible during the fusion
of each half of the mandibular arch. | MEDIAN MANDIBULAR CYST |
| • Developmental in origin
• Arises from embryologic remnants of the
nasopalatine duct | NASOPALATINE CANAL CYST |
| Etiology: unknown; maybe related to altered
hemodynamics or abnormal healing of bone
hemorrhage teenagers and young adults
affected | ANEURYSMAL BONE CYST |
| An empty infrabony cavity that lacks an
epithelial lining. | TRAUMATIC BONE CYST |
| • Non-odontogenic cyst | STATIC (STAFNE’S BONE CYST) |
| Etiology: entrapped epithelium in cervical
lymph nodes during embryogenesis | A. BRANCHIAL CYST / CERVICAL
LYMPHOEPITHELIAL CYST
CLINICAL FEATURE |
| Etiology: developmental enlargement of
multi potential cells / possibly implantation
of epithelium | DERMOID CYST |
| • Electrodessication and curettage also known as
“scrape and burn” | KERATOACANTHOMA |
| • Unknown whether same mechanism of BPDE
(catabolite of benzo[a]pyrene in cigarette smoke)
binds p53 mutational hot spots as in lung
carcinoma. | CARCINOMA OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS |
| • Unknown whether same mechanism of BPDE
(catabolite of benzo[a]pyrene in cigarette smoke)
binds p53 mutational hot spots as in lung
carcinoma. | CARCINOMA OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS |
| TREATMENT AND PROGNOSIS
• Chemotherapy, surgery and radiation | CARCINOMA OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS |
| High-grade non-hodgin’s lymphoma endemic in
Africa and sporadical in North America | BURKITT’S LYMPHOMA |
| Histopathologic features
Neoplastic B cell proliferation | BURKITT’S LYMPHOMA |
| Radiographic features
Moth-eaten radiolucency | BURKITT’S LYMPHOMA |
| Differential Diagnosis
Subtypes of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma,
undifferentiated carcinoma and sarcoma,
metastatic neuroblastoma, acute leukemia | BURKITT’S LYMPHOMA |
| reatment
Combination chemotherapy
Prognosis
Potentially curable | BURKITT’S LYMPHOMA |
| • Maxillary sinus malignancies have a poor
prognosis, with the five-year survival rate being
43% and overall survival of 52 months. | CARCINOMA OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS |
| Advanced stage with regional and distant
metastasis are highly predictive of poor
prognosis. | CARCINOMA OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS |
| Extensive morbidity and mortality due to local
disease with airway obstructions, hemorrhage,
infection | CARCINOMA OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS |
| Death usually due to local spread. | CARCINOMA OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS |
| • Most common cyst in the oral and perioral
region.
• Asymptomatic | PERIAPICAL CYST (APICAL
PERIODONTAL CYST) |
| • Cause bone resorption
• Associated with non-vital tooth | PERIAPICAL CYST (APICAL
PERIODONTAL CYST) |
| • Occurs at any age peaks at 3rd decade of life.
• Common in anterior maxillary region | PERIAPICAL CYST (APICAL
PERIODONTAL CYST) |
| RADIOGRAPHIC FEATURE:
• Round to ovoid radiolucency with narrow
opaque margin that is continuous with
lamina dura. | PERIAPICAL CYST (APICAL
PERIODONTAL CYST) |
| HISTOPATHOLOGIC FEATURE:
• Lined by stratifies squamous epithelium,
polymorphonuclear leukocytes, few
lymphocytes. | PERIAPICAL CYST (APICAL
PERIODONTAL CYST) |
| HF
• Lined by stratifies squamous epithelium,
polymorphonuclear leukocytes, few
lymphocytes.
• Epithelial lining are residues from rest of
malasssez. | PERIAPICAL CYST (APICAL
PERIODONTAL CYST) |
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
Anterior region:
• Periapical scar
• Periapical granuloma
• Periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia.
Posterior region:
• Traumatic bone cyst
• Giant cell lesion
• Metastatic disease | PERIAPICAL CYST (APICAL
PERIODONTAL CYST) |
| X AND PROGNOSIS
• Extraction and curettage of th apical zine
• RCT with apicoectomy
• Extraction only w/o curettage will lead to the
development of a residual cyst that can
weaken the bone. | PERIAPICAL CYST (APICAL
PERIODONTAL CYST) |
| • Associated with vital teeth; nonmobile and
may show root divergence. | LATERAL PERIODONTAL CYST |
| • Bluish discoloration when large | LATERAL PERIODONTAL CYST |
| • Location: mandibular premolar and cuspid
region | LATERAL PERIODONTAL CYST |
| • Small soft tissue swelling within or slightly
inferior to the interdental papilla | LATERAL PERIODONTAL CYST |
| RADIOGRAPHIC FEATURE:
• Well – delineated, round or tear drop shaped
unilocular radiolucency between teeth. | LATERAL PERIODONTAL CYST |
| HISTOPATHOLOGIC FEATURE:
• Lined by nonkeratinized epithelium | LATERAL PERIODONTAL CYST |
| with glycogen containing clear cells | LATERAL PERIODONTAL CYST |
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
• botryoid odontogenic cyst
• odontogenic keratocyst
• squamous odontogenic tumor | LATERAL PERIODONTAL CYST |
| it present as a multilocular radiolucency
between teeth like a grape cluster. | BOTRYOID ODONTOGENIC CYST |
| multilocular cyst lined by a thin stratified
squamous epithelium. | BOTRYOID ODONTOGENIC CYST |
| TX AND PROGNOSIS
• enucleation is curative
• no recurrence potential
• bone regeneration is over 6 mos to 1 year
• root divergence normalizes even without
orthodontic tooth movement. | BOTRYOID ODONTOGENIC CYST |
| Etiology: dental lamina remnants in soft
tissue between oral epithelium and
periosteum (rest of serres) | GINGIVAL CYST |
| periosteum (rest of serres)
• Location: mandibular premolar area and
maxillary incisor and canine area | GINGIVAL CYST |
| Small soft tissue swelling (1 cm or less)
within the dental papilla or midcrestal area
in edentulous ridges | GINGIVAL CYST |
| RADIOGRAPHIC FEATURE:
• No radiographic evidence of bone
resorption. | GINGIVAL CYST |
| HISTOPATHOLOGIC FEATURE
• Same as lateral periodontal cyst | GINGIVAL CYST |
| • Lined by thin layer of keratinized squamous
epithelium | GINGIVAL CYST |
| TX AND PROGNOSIS
• Local excision
• Recurrence is not seen | GINGIVAL CYST |
| Appear as a small nodules that are in white
color due to the presence of keratin in
lumen. | E. GINGIVAL CYST OF THE NEW BORN |
| HISTOPATHOLOGIC FEATURE
• Lined by keratinized stratified squamous
epithelium with keratin in the lumen. | E. GINGIVAL CYST OF THE NEW BORN |
| TX AND PROGNOSIS
• No tx needed
• Cysts rupture in the oral cavity before
patient is 3 months of age. | E. GINGIVAL CYST OF THE NEW BORN |
| Partial enamel organ degeneration leads to
cyst development due to separation of
elements of enamel epithelium | DENTIGEROUS CYST |
| 2nd most common odontogenic cyst | DENTIGEROUS CYST |
| Most common developmental cyst of the
jaws. | DENTIGEROUS CYST |
| Location: 3rd molars and maxillary canine | DENTIGEROUS CYST |
| Occurs in the 2nd or 3rd decades of life
• Asymptomatic | DENTIGEROUS CYST |
| RADIOGRAPHIC FEATURE
- Round to ovoid radiolucencY
- Presence of radiolucency associated with
crown of impacted teeth. | DENTIGEROUS CYST |
| HISTOPATHOLOGIC FEATURE
• Lined by non-keratinized stratified
squamous epithelium. | DENTIGEROUS CYST |
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
• Odontogenic keratocyst
• Ameloblastoma
• Adenomatoid odontogenic cyst | DENTIGEROUS CYST |
| Bluish discoloration on gums | ERUPTION CYST |
| Eruption hematoma is also used when there
is bleeding within the cyst due to surface
trauma. | ERUPTION CYST |
| HISTOPATHOLOGIC FEATURE
• Fragments of thin epithelium can be seen
lining the fibrous tissue, which has become
compressed by the eruption cyst. | ERUPTION CYST |
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
• Dentigerous cyst | ERUPTION CYST |
| TX AND PROGNOSIS
• No tx needed
• Subsequent to eruption, the cyst disappears
spontaneously without complications
• If necessary, uncover the erupting tooth to
marsupialize the cyst and to facilitate tooth
eruption. | ERUPTION CYST |
| CLINICAL FEATURE
• Adults
• Jaw expansion
• Either jaw, anterior mandible favored
crossing the midline. | GLANDULAR ODONTOGENIC CYST |
| HISTOPATHOLOGIC FEATURE
• The epithelium is often squamous, but a
distinct later of cuboidal to columnar cells
with eosinophilic cytoplasm is seen. These
are mucous producing and some may have
cilia in the surface. | GLANDULAR ODONTOGENIC CYST |
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS:
• Mucoepidermoid carcinoma | GLANDULAR ODONTOGENIC CYST |
| TX AND PROGNOSIS
• Surgical management
• Periapical curettage / marginal excision
• Long term follow-up
• Aggressive with recurrence potentia | GLANDULAR ODONTOGENIC CYST |
| Occur at any age, peak 2nd and 3rd decades | ODONTOGENIC KERATOCYST |
| Occurs in children as part of basal cell
nevus syndrome | ODONTOGENIC KERATOCYST |
| Commonly affected is the posterior portion
of the body of the ramus of the mandible
and maxillary canine and 3rd molar area | ODONTOGENIC KERATOCYST |
| RADIOGRAPHIC FEATURE
• Well circumscribed radiolucency with
smooth radiopaque rim | ODONTOGENIC KERATOCYST |
| HISTOPATHOLOGIC FEATURE
• Typical odontogenic keratocyst shows
parakeratinized corrugated surface,
hyperchromatic palisaded basal cells. | ODONTOGENIC KERATOCYST |
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
• Dentigerous cyst
• Adenomatoid odontogenic cyst
• Ameloblastoma
• Lateral periodontal cyst
• Residual cyst | ODONTOGENIC KERATOCYST |
| Variant
TX AND PROGNOSIS
• Marsupialization and an unerupted tooth
that is associated with the cyst is guided
into the arch.
• Enucleation and curettage for small cysts
• Resection for large multilocular keratocyst
• Resection if multiple recurrences occurs
after enucleation and curettage. | ODONTOGENIC KERATOCYST |
| • Opacities may produce a “salt and pepper”
type of pattern | CALCIFYING ODONTOGENIC CYST |
| HISTOPATHOLOGIC FEATURE
• Ghost cell keratinization characteristic
microscopic feature | CALCIFYING ODONTOGENIC CYST |
| • Well delineated cystic proliferations with
fibrous CT wall | CALCIFYING ODONTOGENIC CYST |
| Inverted pear shaped radiolucency | GLOBULOMAXILLARY CYST |
| Non specific designation for any lesion in
the globulomaxillary area (between
maxillary lateral incisor and canin | GLOBULOMAXILLARY CYST |
| Asymptomatic; teeth vital; divergence of
roots. | GLOBULOMAXILLARY CYST |
| RADIOGRAPHIC FEATURE
- Can compare it with maxillary torus | GLOBULOMAXILLARY CYST |
| TX AND PROGNOSIS
• Usually surgical enucleation.
B. NASOLABIAL CYST | GLOBULOMAXILLARY CYST |
| CLINICAL FEATURE
• Usually appears as a swelling of the upper
lip lateral to the midline | GLOBULOMAXILLARY CYST |
| Soft tissue cysts of the upper lip | GLOBULOMAXILLARY CYST |
| Incidence noted in the 4th and 5th decade | GLOBULOMAXILLARY CYST |
| Distinct in female 3:1 ratio | GLOBULOMAXILLARY CYST |
| Common in canine region or the
mucobuccal fold | GLOBULOMAXILLARY CYST |
| HISTOPATHOLOGIC FEATURE
• Epithelial lining is pseudo stratified
columnar type with numerous goblet cells. | GLOBULOMAXILLARY CYST |
| TX AND PROGNOSIS
• Usually surgical enucleation | MEDIAN MANDIBULAR CYST |
| • Intraosseous lesion usually present in the
midline of the anterior maxilla near the
incisive foramen. | NASOPALATINE CANAL CYST |
| Many are inflamed: pain, pressure, drainage
and swelling can occur. | NASOPALATINE CANAL CYST |
| RADIOGRAPHIC FEATURE - U can compare it to the globulomaxillary
cyst cause of its location. BEHIND THE
INCISVE FORAMEN. | NASOPALATINE CANAL CYST |
| Well-circumscribed oval or heart shaped
radiolucency of the midline of the anterior
maxilla superior to and between the roots of
the central incisors smooth cortical border. | NASOPALATINE CANAL CYST |
| HISTOPATHOLOGIC FEATURE
• Lined by: - Respiratory epithelium or; - Stratified squamous epithelium or; | NASOPALATINE CANAL CYST |
| Combination of respiratory and stratified
squamous epithelium. | NASOPALATINE CANAL CYST |
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
• Periapical granuloma
• Radicular cyst
• Incisive canal cyst | NASOPALATINE CANAL CYST |
| HISTOPATHOLOGIC FEATURE
• Blood filled spaces lined by connective tissue
and multinucleated giant cells. | ANEURYSMAL BONE CYST |
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
• Central giant cell carcinoma
• Hyperparathyroidism
• Cherubism | ANEURYSMAL BONE CYST |
| TX AND PROGNOSIS
• Excision | ANEURYSMAL BONE CYST |
| Etiology: unknown; trauma sometimes
suggested. | TRAUMATIC BONE CYST |
| Maybe related to bleeding in the jaw which
is clot resorption | TRAUMATIC BONE CYST |
| Maybe related to bleeding in the jaw which
is clot resorption | TRAUMATIC BONE CYST |
| eenagers most commonly affected.
• Age: 10-20 years ols | TRAUMATIC BONE CYST |
| Location: - Essentially restricted to the mandible - More common in premolar – molar region | TRAUMATIC BONE CYST |
| Asymptomatic and usually discovered
accidentally 20% might have painless
swelling. | TRAUMATIC BONE CYST |
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
• Aneurysmal bone cyst
• Traumatic bone cyst
• Lateral periodontal cyst
• Odontogenic cyst
• Odontogenic myxoma unicystic
ameloblastoma | TRAUMATIC BONE CYST |
| Corticated defect in posterior mandible
below the mn canal | STATIC (STAFNE’S BONE CYST) |
| May contain part of the submandibular
gland. | STATIC (STAFNE’S BONE CYST) |
| Development defect
• Located below mandibular canal in molar
region | STATIC (STAFNE’S BONE CYST) |
| Uncommon lesions that typically present as
asymptomatic | STATIC (STAFNE’S BONE CYST) |
| RADIOGRAPHIC FEATURE
• Focal radiolucency in areas where
hematopoiesis is normally seen (angle of
the mandible and maxillary tuberosity) | STATIC (STAFNE’S BONE CYST) |
| HISTOPATHOLOGIC FEATURE
• Predominance of hematopoietic cells with
relatively fewer flat cells | STATIC (STAFNE’S BONE CYST) |
| Small lymphoid aggregates maybe found. | STATIC (STAFNE’S BONE CYST) |
| • Location: - Lateral portion of the neck; usually anterior
to the sternocleidomastoid muscle | . BRANCHIAL CYST / CERVICAL
LYMPHOEPITHELIAL CYST
CLINICAL FEATURE |
| Most common site of these lesions is in the
floor of the mouth followed by posterior
lateral tongue. | . BRANCHIAL CYST / CERVICAL
LYMPHOEPITHELIAL CYST
CLINICAL FEATURE |
| HISTOPATHOLOGIC FEATURE
• Branchial cyst is lined with stratified
squamous epithelium, pseudostratified
columnar epithelium or both. | . BRANCHIAL CYST / CERVICAL
LYMPHOEPITHELIAL CYST
CLINICAL FEATURE |
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
• Cervical lymphadenitis
• Skin inclusion cyst
• Lymphangioma
• Tumor of the tail of the parotid | . BRANCHIAL CYST / CERVICAL
LYMPHOEPITHELIAL CYST
CLINICAL FEATURE |
| TX AND PROGNOSIS
• Surgical excision | . BRANCHIAL CYST / CERVICAL
LYMPHOEPITHELIAL CYST
CLINICAL FEATURE |
| Anterior portion of the floor of the mouth in
midline (oral cavity) | DERMOID CYST |
| Painless and slow growing | DERMOID CYST |
| Soft and doughy because of keratin and
sebum in lumen. | DERMOID CYST |
| HISTOPATHOLOGIC FEATURE
• Lined by stratified squamous epithelium
supported by a fibrous connective tissue
wall | DERMOID CYST |
| Numerous secondary skin structures. | DERMOID CYST |
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
• Ranula
• Sublingual space infection
• Sublingual salivary gland tumor | DERMOID CYST |
| TX AND PROGNOSIS
• Surgical excision | DERMOID CYST |
| F LEFT UNTREATED:
• spontaneously disappear
(resolve) within 6 months, leaving a depressed
scar. | KERATOACANTHOMA |
| Rare forms may spread (invade) aggressively
below the skin level and into the lymph glands. | KERATOACANTHOMA |
| P53 mutation affects cell replication and
centromere replication. | CARCINOMA OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS |
| Usually men with long cigarette smoking history
(male/female ration 2-3:1) | CARCINOMA OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS |
| Majority of patients are cigarettes smokers, and
many work in mining, smelting or woodworking
industries. | CARCINOMA OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS |
| The most common symptoms are pain (59%),
followed by oral symptoms (40%) and facial
swelling (38%). Nasal obstruction (35%) and
epistaxis (25%) may also be seen. | CARCINOMA OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS |
| All neoplasms spread to the regional lymph
nodes. | CARCINOMA OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS |
| GENERAL MICROSCOPIC DESCRIPTION
• Hyperchromatic nucleoli with irregular outlines | CARCINOMA OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS |
| TREATMENT AND PROGNOSIS
• Chemotherapy, surgery and radiation | CARCINOMA OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS |
| Maxillary sinus malignancies have a poor
prognosis, with the five-year survival rate being
43% and overall survival of 52 months. | CARCINOMA OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS |
| dvanced stage with regional and distant
metastasis are highly predictive of poor
prognosis. | CARCINOMA OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS |
| • Extensive morbidity and mortality due to local
disease with airway obstructions, hemorrhage,
infection | CARCINOMA OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS |
| Death usually due to local spread. | CARCINOMA OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS |
