| Give an example of statistical infrequency as a definition of abnormality. | IQ - those that have an IQ of below 70 (2% of the population) are considered to have Intellectual Disability Disorder + The IQ scale has normal distribution. |
| Define statistical infrequency as a definition of abnormality. | A person's trait, thinking or behaviour that would be considered to be an indication of abnormality if it was found to be numerically (statistically) rare/uncommon/anomalous. |
| Define deviation from social norms as a definition of abnormality. | A person's trait, thinking or behaviour that would be considered to be an indication of abnormality if it is seen as anything that defies unstated rules of how one 'ought' to be. Some of these rules are implicit whereas some are policed by law. |
| Give an example of deviation from social norms as a definition of abnormality. | Homosexuality was once considered abnormal and was illegal in the UK/was only taken out of the DSM in 1986. |
| Define failure to function adequately as a definition of abnormality. | A person's trait, thinking or behaviour that would be considered to be an indication of abnormality if it negatively affected their ability to go about their daily life and caused themself/others distress. |
| Give an example of failure to function adequately as a definition of abnormality. | People suffering from depression would score high on the WHODAS (World Health Organisation Disability Assessment) in categories like self-care or life activities. |
| What are the 6 categories of the WHODAS? | Understanding + communicating, getting around, self-care, getting along with people, life activities, participation in society. |
| Define deviation from ideal mental health as a definition of abnormality. | A person's trait, thinking or behaviour that would be considered to be an indication of abnormality if it was showed signs that they are lacking in ideal mental health. |
| Who suggested the deviation from ideal mental health as a definition of abnormality? | Marie Jahoda (1958) |
| What were the 6 categories/characteristics that enable an individual to feel happy? | Self attitudes/Self-esteem, personal growth and self-actualisation, Integration, Autonomy, Accurate perception of reality, Mastery/adapting of the environment. |
