| STEPS OF SURGICAL EXTRACTION | 1.Creation of a flap.
2. Removal of bone and exposure of an adequate part of the root.
3. Extraction of the tooth or root with elevators or forceps.
4. Postoperative care of wound and suturing. |
| INDICATIONS OF SURGICAL EXTRACTION | dilaceration of root tips;
Impacted and semi- impacted teeth;
fused with an adjacent tooth;
fused with an adjacent tooth in the apical area;
Broken root tips remained in the alveolar bone;
ankylosed roots or with abnormalities (dens in dente);
Roots of teeth found below the gumline;
Roots with periapical lesions;
Deciduous molars whose roots embrace the crown of the subjacent premolar;
unusual root morphology;
hypercementosis of root and root tip;
mx pos roots are included in the maxillary sinus |
| CONTRAINDICATIONS OF SURGICAL EXTRACTION | risk of serious local complications; Asymptomatic fractured root tips, whose pulp was vital, located deep in the socket;
Large part of the alveolar process needs to be removed;
There are serious health problems present |
| One that fails to erupt into the dental arch within the expected time | IMPACTED TOOTH |
| Retained for the patient’s lifetime unless surgically removed or exposed because of resorption of overlying tissues | IMPACTED TOOTH |
| The term unerupted includes impacted teeth and teeth that are in the _____ | process of erupting |
| CAUSES OF IMPACTED TEETH (LOCAL) | Adjacent teeth;
Dense overlying bone;
Excessive soft tissue;
Lack of space due to underdeveloped jaws;
Premature loss of temporary teeth |
| Union through marriage of two persons from different race. | Miscegenation |
| Defective ossification of the cranial bone, there is delayed shedding of a 2⁰ teeth | Cleidoncranial dysostosis |
| CAUSES OF IMPACTED TEETH (SYSTEMIC):Prenatal causes | Heredity, Miscegenation |
| CAUSES OF IMPACTED TEETH (SYSTEMIC):Postnatal cause | Rickets, Congenital syphilis |
| CAUSES OF IMPACTED TEETH (SYSTEMIC):Rare conditions | Cleidoncranial dysostosis, Oxycephaly, Progeria, Achondroplasia |
| CAUSES OF IMPACTED TEETH (SYSTEMIC):Disease of the skeleton beginning in fetal life and procedures a form of dwarfism; Prolonged retention of deciduous teeth; Usually results to crowded detention | Achondroplasia |
| CAUSES OF IMPACTED TEETH (SYSTEMIC):represent premature old age | Progeria |
| CAUSES OF IMPACTED TEETH (SYSTEMIC):Abnormal development of cranial bone; Top of the head is pointed – cone shaped | Oxycephaly |
| CAUSES OF IMPACTED TEETH (SYSTEMIC):Oxycephaly also called | steeple head |
| CAUSES OF IMPACTED TEETH (SYSTEMIC):Presence of rudimentary supernumerary teeth | Cleidoncranial dysostosis |
| COMMON IMPACTED TEETH (ORDER OF FREQUENCY) | Mande 3rd molar;
Max- 3rd molar;
Max. Cuspid;
Mande Cuspid;
Mande Bicuspid;
Max- Bicuspid;
Max- Central incisor;
Max- Lateral incisor; |
| is an infection of the soft tissue around the crown of a partially impacted tooth and is caused by the normal oral flora. | Pericoronitis |
