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level: Factors affecting breathing

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Factors affecting breathing

Question	Answer
What can vary from person to person, dependent on factors such as height or disease?	Lung volume
What is the name of the machine that can be used to measure a persons lung volume by breathing into it?	Spirometer
When you exercise, you need more oxygen so your body can release energy. How does this affect breathing?	Rate and depth of breathing increases
What will happen with the muscles you use to breathe if you exercise regularly over time?	They will get stronger
What will happen in your chest cavity if the muscles you use to breathe are stronger?	It will open up more, allowing more air into your lungs
Regular exercise can make the exchange of gases in your lungs more efficient over time. Why is this?	Increased number of capillaries and alveoli
What is the illness that people can suffer from that makes their lungs too sensitive to certain things, such as dust and pet hair?	Asthma
In someone with asthma, what happens to the muscles around the bronchioles, causing the airways to narrow?	They contract
If someone has an asthma attack, what happens to the lining of the airway that makes it hard to breathe?	It inflames and fluid builds up
What are the symptoms of an asthma attack?	Tight chest, difficulty breathing and wheezing
What are the four main chemicals contained in cigarette smoke?	Tar, nicotine, carbon monoxide and particulates
What is the name of the little hairs in the airway that remove mucus?	Cilia
Tar is one of the worst chemicals in cigarette smoke. What does it do to the cilia in the lining of the airway?	Covers it
What happens over time if the cilia in the airway are unable to get rid of mucus?	It causes you to cough
What is the name of the disease where the lining of the bronchi gets inflamed, often caused by smoking?	Bronchitis
What is the name of the disease where the alveoli in the lungs are destroyed, most often caused by smoking?	Emphysema
What is the name of the substance contained in tar that can cause cancer of the mouth, lungs and throat?	Carcinogens